Chimpanzees combine calls to communicate new meaning NatureComms
” combination represents a longer stimulus than either of the individual comprising calls, any difference in response to the playbacks could be simply driven by the increased salience of the combination. If this was the case, in line with previous work, we expected the looking duration elicited by the combination to be purely additive, i.e., equal to the sum of the looking durations to the individual calls.
Furthermore, in 3/6 AH-WB playbacks, subjects approached the loudspeaker , and in two of these instances, the subject was seen engaging in typical snake anti-predator behavior, specifically climbing up a tree and looking down towards the loudspeaker . Although limited in terms of explanatory power, these anecdotal observations support the idea that the response to the “” sequence is more than just a combination of responses to the comprising calls.
Together, these playback results suggest the call combination is likely a concatenation of two independently occurring units which is meaningful to receivers: subjects responded differently to the combination than to single call types.
. Here we provide a unique set of data combining natural observations, snake presentations and playback experiments confirming chimpanzees combine two independently occurring calls into a larger structure and, critically, providing evidence that this call combination is meaningful to receivers.alarm-huu” call combination is emitted in a highly specific context, namely when a chimpanzee encounters a snake, whilst the constituent calls are produced in a wide range of situations .
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